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National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Technical Notes - Results of Landing Tests of Various Airplanes

When the landing of aircraft is studied for the pur—
pose of determining proper landingegear design, two dis~
tinct subjects must be considered. 'The first is the de~
termination of the conditions to_whioh the airplane may
be subjected during the landing and the second is the de—
termination of the airplane loading produced as a result
of these conditions. Because of lack of knowledge-con—
cerning landing conditions and because data on landing
loads can be used directly, landing—gear design at pres~
ent is usually based upon loads experienced with airplanes
similar to the one under consideratiOn.

A program of landing investigations has been con-
ducted by the NACA at the Langley Memorial Aeronautical
Laboratory, Langley Field, Va.. for the purpoae of in—
creasing the_existing knowledge concerning landing con—
ditions and resulting loads. These investigations Were
'undertaken at the request of the Army Air Corps, the
Bureau'of Aeronautics, and the Civil Aeronautics Author—
ity; they were carried out in general. as a secondary
study upon airplanes that had been made available by
these agencies for research of a 'different kind. As a
result, considerable data in regard to airplane type and
size were accumulated, but the extent of each investiga—
tion was limited. for mOst of the airplanes, to about 15
to 20 landings of varying severity within the pilot' s
discretion.

For the majority of the airplanes, the data obtained
were confined to vertical and horiz'ontal velocity, longi—
tudinal attitude, and pitching accelerations as well as
acceleratiOns perpendicular and parallel to the thrust
axis. In a few cases more data were_secured, and for one
airplane the vertical velocity and the attitude at con—
tact were-determined for same 200 landings.