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National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Technical Notes - Bonding Investigation of Titanium Carbide with Various Elements

0f 15 elements individually fused on solid high-density titanium
carbide at minimum fusion temperatures in a helium atmosphere and
at atmospheric pressure, only nickel, cobalt, chromium, and silicon
produced bonds with titanium carbide. Metallographic studies of the
interface between the element and the titanium carbide in the four
bonds indicated that nickel and cobalt appeared to produce exten-
sive interlocking bonds, with nickel showing the greater penetration.
The observed interfaces provided information concerning some of the
reactions involved in bonding of elements to solid titanium carbide.
The 11 elements that did not bond with titanium carbide under the
conditions in this experiment were: aluminum, beryllium, columbimn,
gold, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, platinum, titanium, and
vanadium.

Efforts to increase the power of aircraft turbines have raised
a number of power-plant problems. one of which is the need for
materials suitable for use at temperatures higher than those cur-
rently prevalent. Some materials that show considerable promise
for high-temperature application in Jet engines have been fabri-
cated from combinations of ceramics and metals (ceremals) by the
sintering process. This process affords a means of producing com-
positions at temperatures below the melting point of the ceramic
constituent. Controlled sintering of a powdered caramel compact
is generally recognized as a method capable of producing satis-
factory homogeneity and grain size. Investigation of high-temperature
properties and of mechanisms for alloying and for bonding of metallic
and ceramic materials is necessary for the maximum ulitization of
ceramale in aircraft power plants.

An investigation was made at the NAGA Lewis laboratory to study
the bonding of titanium carbide with various elements. A secondary
purpose was to accumulate information regarding the mechanism of
bonding. Although the conditions of this investigation were not
directly analogous to those prevalent in the sintering of a. body of
intimately mixed powdered constituents, the reactions between the
powdered elements and the solid. titanium carbide in this bonding
investigation appeared indicative of those between intimately mixed,
discrete particles as in a sintered powder body.